HRW alleges white phosphorus use by Israel in Lebanon

Human Rights Watch says that on March 3, 2026, the Israeli military used white phosphorus artillery shells over the residential area of Juhmur in southern Lebanon.

The organisation said it analysed and geolocated seven photographs that appear to show airbursts of the ammunition above homes and subsequent fires. The images also show civil defence personnel extinguishing fires in at least two houses and one car.

White phosphorus ignites on contact with oxygen and can cause extensive fires and severe burns. Under international humanitarian law, its use as an airburst over populated areas is prohibited because of the high risk to civilians.

Before the incident, an Israeli military spokesperson called on residents of Juhmur and dozens of other villages to evacuate immediately.

Human Rights Watch said it has not confirmed whether anyone was injured. The organisation also noted that it documented similar use of white phosphorus during fighting between Israel and Hezbollah in 2023 and 2024.

(pir)